Sebaka sa polokelo ea betri ea matla a letsatsi se ka fokotsa likoloto tsa motlakase ka ho boloka matla a letsatsi a mangata bakeng sa tšebeliso ea nako e phahameng-lihora tse theko e boima, leha ho le joalo poloko ea sebele e itšetlehile haholo ka sekhahla sa lisebelisoa tsa hau. Beng ba matlo ba nang le nako-ea{3}}litheko tsa tšebeliso hangata ba boloka $700-$1,100 ka selemo, athe ba nang le li-net metering tsa mabenkele ba ka bona ho bolokoa ho fokolang ho tsoa libetering feela.
Mokhoa oa ho boloka Battery o Theha Poloko ea Bili
Ho boloka betri ea matla a letsatsi ho fokotsa litšenyehelo ka mekhoa e meraro ea mantlha e sebetsang ka tsela e fapaneng ho latela boemo ba hau ba motlakase.
Nako{0}ea{1}}sebelisa arbitragee emela monyetla oa bohlokoahali oa ho boloka beng ba betri. Ha lisebelisoa tsa hau li lefisa litefiso tse fapaneng letsatsi lohle-hangata $0.10-$0.15 ka kWh ka nako ea ho tima{7}}lihora tse holimo empa $0.35-$0.50 kWh nakong ea mantsiboea-libetri li boloka theko e tlaase ea letsatsi la letsatsi bakeng sa tšebeliso e turu ea letsatsi. Lelapa le sebelisang 8 kWh ho tsoa libeteri nakong ea lihora tse phahameng ka $0.35/kWh ho e-na le matla a marang-rang le boloka $2.80 letsatsi le leng le le leng, e bokellang ho $84 khoeli le khoeli. Phapang ea litheko e bohlokoa haholo; Phaello ea $ 0.25 lipakeng tsa litheko tse tlase le tse phahameng li lokafatsa matsete a betri ho feta ho phatlalla ha $0.10.
Boikemisetso-e thibela ho rekisa matla a letsatsi ho lits'ebeletso ka litheko tse fokotsehileng. Ntle le libeteri, tlhahiso e feteletseng ea letsatsi la mots'ehare e romelloa kantle ho marang-rang. Tlas'a leano la California la NEM 3.0, matšeliso a thepa ea kantle ho naha a theohetse ho $0.04-$0.08 ka kWh ha litefiso tsa ho reka lijo tsa mantsiboea li fihlile ho $0.45 ka kWh. Libetri tse nkang masalla ao li ka sebelisoang mantsiboeeng a tsona li fana ka $0.37-$0.41 ka kWh ka boleng ba makhetlo a ka bang 5-10 ho feta sekhahla sa thomello. Linaha tse nang le matšeliso a fokotsehileng a ho romela thepa ka ntle kapa tse se nang metering ho hang li etsa hore tšebeliso ea tsona e be ea bohlokoa haholo.
Ho fokotsa tefisoe thusa bareki ba khoebo le ba bang ba bolulo. Lits'ebeletso li lekola litefello tsa tlhokeho ho ipapisitsoe le tlhoro ea motlakase nakong ea litefiso, hangata $10-$20 ka kW ea tlhokeho e phahameng. Khoebo e hulang ka bokhutšoanyane 50 kW ho qala lisebelisoa e tobane le $500-$1,000 ka litefiso tsa tlhokahalo ea khoeli le khoeli. Li-betri tse khaohang nakong ea litlhoro tsena li fokotsa palo e kholo ea lithapo tsa marang-rang, 'me li ka fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa 40-70%. Le ha e sa tloaeleha haholo libakeng tsa bolulo, lits'ebeletso tsa lits'ebeletso li ntse li eketsa litefiso tsa tlhokahalo, e leng se etsang hore phaello ena e be ea bohlokoa le ho feta.
Ho kopana ha mekhoa ena ho etsa qeto ea ho boloka chelete eohle. Boemo bo tloahelehileng bo bontša libeteri tse sa bolokeng letho tlas'a-e rekisoang metering e felletseng, $60-$100 khoeli le khoeli tlas'a nako{5}}ea-litefello tsa tšebeliso, le $100-$180 ka khoeli tlas'a matšeliso a theotsoeng a thepa e tsamaisanang le tefiso ea nako ea tšebeliso.
Ha Libetri li sa Fokotse Likoloto Haholo
Moruo oa polokelo ea betri ea matla a letsatsi a hloleha libakeng tse ikhethileng tsa ts'ebeliso leha ho na le likopo tsa papatso mabapi le poloko ea bokahohle.
-metara e felletseng ea mabenkelee felisa melemo ea lichelete tsa betri. New Jersey, Oregon, le likarolo tse ling tsa Florida credit tse romelloang ka ntle ho solar ka litefiso tse felletseng tsa thekiso-ka theko e tšoanang eo bareki ba e lefang bakeng sa grid ea motlakase. Haeba liphanele tsa hau li hlahisa 900 kWh empa lehae la hau le sebelisa 850 kWh, lits'ebeletso tsa lits'ebeletso li reka 50 kWh e eketsehileng mabenkeleng a felletseng ($7.50 ho $0.15/kWh). Ho boloka matla ao polokelong ea betri ea matla a letsatsi ho fana ka boleng bo ts'oanang kaha o ne o tla o sebelisa ho qoba ho reka matla a grid ka lebelo le ts'oanang. Ho kenya libeteri ho eketsa nako ea ho lefa ho tloha ho lilemo tse supileng bakeng sa solar feela ho isa ho lilemo tse 12+ ka libeteri, molemong oa ho boloka matla ho e-na le ho boloka chelete.
Litefiso tsa - tsa motlakase tse tlaseka phapang e fokolang ea nako e fana ka menyetla e fokolang ea arbitrage. Likoporasi tsa mahaeng le lits'ebeletso tsa masepala hangata li lefisa litefiso tse ts'oanang letsatsi lohle. Ha litefiso tsa tlhōrō li fapana le ho theoha-ka $0.05-$0.08 feela ka kWh, tahlehelo ea betri{12}}ea leeto le lecha (8-10%) e sebelisa chelete e ngata ea ho boloka. Betri eo 92% e bolokang hantle le ho fumana matla ka $0.06 feela $0.01-$0.02 ka kWh ka mor'a tahlehelo e sebetsang - e ka bang $10-$30 ka khoeli bakeng sa malapa a tloaelehileng.
Malapa a sebelisang motlakase o tlaseho loanela ho lokafatsa litšenyehelo tsa betri. Matlo a sebelisang 500-700 kWh khoeli le khoeli a bona lipolokelo tse nyane. Leha e le ka tlase ho nako e loketseng-ea{14}}lireite tsa tšebeliso e bolokang $0.25 kWh, ho suthisetsa 15 kWh letsatsi le letsatsi ho boloka betri ea matla a letsatsi ho boloka feela $112 ka khoeli. Ka lits'ebetso tsa betri tse bitsang $8,000- $15,000, linako tsa ho lefa li fihla ho lilemo tse 15-20-ho atamela kapa ho feta nako ea tiiso ea betri ea lilemo tse 10-15.
Mekhoa ea tlhahiso ea nako ea selemo le eona e ama ho boloka. Linaha tse ka leboea moo letsatsi le hlahisang haholo hlabula empa hanyenyane mariha ho bona libeteri li lutse li sa sebelisoe hantle 5-likhoeli tse 6 ka selemo. Sena se fokotsa ho boloka chelete ka selemo, ho eketsa nako ea ho lefa. Mong'a ntlo oa Vermont a ka boloka $100 khoeli le khoeli Phuptjane{7}}Phato empa feela $20 khoeli le khoeli Tšitoe-Hlakola, e leng chelete e ka etsang $50 khoeli le khoeli selemo ho pota ho e-na le $100 ea khopolo-taba.
Tlhahlobo ea Sebopeho sa Rate: Ho Bala Bokhoni ba ho Boloka
Ho etsa qeto ea hore na polokelo ea betri ea matla a letsatsi e fokotsa likoloto tsa hau ho hloka ho utloisisa sebopeho sa tefiso sa sesebelisoa sa hau.
Mohato oa pele o kenyelletsa ho khetholla mofuta oa sekhahla sa hau.Hlahloba likoloto tsa morao-rao tsa motlakase bakeng sa mantsoe a kang "nako-ea-ts'ebeliso," "peak/off-peak," "litefiso tse hlokahalang," kapa "net metering." Batseteli ba California-lisebelisoa tseo e leng tsa bona (PG&E, SCE, SDG&E) ba sebelisa Net Billing ka nako e feteletseng-ea-ho sebelisa liphatlalatso. Texas e fana ka mekhoa e fapaneng e nang le lisebelisoa tse fanang ka nako-ea{9}}meralo ea tšebeliso e nang le likarohano tsa lireite tsa ${10}}. Lisebelisoa tsa Massachusetts le New York li kopanya nako e itekanetseng-ea{13}}lireite tsa tšebeliso le melaoana e loketseng letsatsi{14}. Ikopanye le lisebelisoa tsa hau kapa u hlahlobe lipampiri tsa litekanyetso tse hatisitsoeng ho tseba mekhoa ea hau ea hajoale le e fumanehang.
Mohato oa bobeli o lekanya phapang ea theko.Bala phapang lipakeng tsa litefiso tse holimo le tse tlase. Ha tlhōrō e theoha ho $0.12/kWh, 'me tlhōrō e fihla ho $0.38/kWh, sesebelisoa sa hau se sebetsa ka $0.26/kWh{5}}e sebetsa hantle haholo bakeng sa libeteri. Phatlalatso ea $0.15 (e theoha-tlhōrō ea $0.10, tlhōrō ea $0.25) e ntse e lokafatsa libeteri. Ka tlase ho $0.10 li-spreadsheet li etsa hore libetri li fokotsehe moruong bakeng sa ho boloka chelete feela. Hopola ho ikarabella bakeng sa katleho ea betri; atisa phatlalatso ea hau ka 0.90-0.92 ho hakanya chelete e bolokoang ka kWh ka baesekele.
Mohato oa boraro o hakanya tšebeliso e fetohang.Lekola lintlha tsa tšebeliso ea hora ho tsoa ho li-smart meter kapa li-portal tsa lisebelisoa. Hlalosa hore na u sebelisa motlakase o mongata hakae nakong ea lihora tse phahameng haholo o ka fanoang ke polokelo ea betri ea matla a letsatsi. Lelapa le sebelisang 30 kWh letsatsi le letsatsi le 40% e sebelisoang nakong ea 4-ea lifensetere tse phahameng tsa lihora tse 4 (12 kWh) le hloka bonyane ba matla a betri a 12 kWh bakeng sa ts'ebetso e felletseng. Ho fokotseha ha libeteri ho bolela ho qoba maemo a phahameng ka ho felletseng, ho fokotsa chelete ka tekanyo. Ho feteletsa ho eketsa litšenyehelo tsa pele ntle le ho boloka chelete ntle le haeba u na le mathata a matsatsi a mangata a hlokang ho boloka chelete e ngata.
Mohato oa bone o bala chelete ea khoeli le khoeli.Atisa tšebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi e ka feto-fetohang ho libeteri ka ho fapana ha sekhahla le matsatsi ka khoeli: (12 kWh × $0.26 × matsatsi a 30=$93.60 khoeli le khoeli). Ntša kalimo ea khoeli le khoeli ea betri kapa litefiso tsa khiriso ho fumana chelete e bolokiloeng. Betri ea $12,000 e tšehelitsoeng ka lilemo tse 10 ho 6% e bitsa chelete e ka bang $133 khoeli le khoeli, ho bolelang hore lelapa lena le fumana chelete e ngata e sa sebetseng hantle ($93.60 - $133=-$39.40) ka lilemo tse supileng ho sa tsotellehe ho fokotsa likoloto. Ho boloka chelete ka mor'a tefo ea kalimo.
Tlhahlobo ea theko ea kantle ho nahae phethela setšoantšo. Linaha tse nang le-retail metering metering kaofela ha li rue molemo ho lipalo tsa mohato oa bone{2}}tseo li-kWh tse romelloang kantle ho naha ka thekiso e felletseng li ka be li fumane boleng bo lekanang le ba matla a bolokiloeng. NEM 3.0 ea California e nang le litefiso tsa ho romela kantle ho $0.05/kWh e fetola lipalo. KWh e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e bolokiloeng ho e-na le ho romelloa ka ntle e boloka: (sekhahla sa theko e phahameng - sekhahla sa thepa e romelloang) × kWh=($0.38 - $0.05) × 12 kWh=$3.96 letsatsi le letsatsi kapa $119 ka khoeli{15}}e phahame haholo ho feta nako e itseng{17} -
Sistimi Sizing le Litšenyehelo
Liqeto tsa matla a betri li ama ka kotloloho bokhoni ba ho boloka le litšenyehelo tsa sistimi.
Libetri tsa bolulo li qala ho 9-15 kWh, theko ea $5,000-$15,000 e kentsoe. Tesla Powerwall 3 e fana ka 13.5 kWh ho $8,400-$9,300, Enphase IQ Battery 5P e fana ka 5 kWh ho $6,000-$7,500, le LG Energy Solution e fana ka 16 kWh ho $11,000-$13,000. Matla a maholo a bitsa chelete e ka tlase ho betri e le 'ngoe ea kWh-16 kWh ka karolelano ea $750/kWh ha yuniti tse 5 tsa kWh li fihla ho $1,300/kWh-empa ha u reka, u ke ke ua sebelisa chelete e litšila.
Ho leka-lekana ho leka-lekana ho lekaneng ho fana ka ts'ebeliso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea litšenyehelo.Lelapa le sebelisang 40 kWh letsatsi le letsatsi le nang le 15 kWh le sebelisoang lifensetereng tsa tlhōrō ea lihora tse 5 le hloka bonyane ba 15 kWh bakeng sa ho qoba tlhōrō e feletseng. Ho kenya 10 kWh ho koahela feela 67% ea ts'ebeliso e phahameng, ho fokotsa chelete e bolokoang ho tloha ho $120 ho isa ho $80 ka khoeli. Ho kenya 20 kWh ho fana ka matla a feteletseng a sebelisoang feela nakong ea nako e telele, ho eketsa litšenyehelo tsa $3,000-$5,000 bakeng sa melemo e fokolang ea phokotso ea likoloto.
Nako ea ho kenya e ama moruo haholo. Ho kenya libeteri ka nako e le 'ngoe le liphanele tsa solar ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa basebetsi 20-30% ha ho bapisoa le tse kentsoeng hape. Litumello tse kopaneng li bitsa $800-$1,500 khahlano le litumello tse arohaneng tse etsang $1,200-$3,000. Mosebetsi oa motlakase o phethiloe hang ho feta habeli o boloka $1,500-$3,000. Leha ho le joalo, ho leta lilemo tse 1-2 ho lumella litheko tsa polokelo ea betri ea matla a letsatsi ho theoha-litheko li theohile ka 40% ho tloha 2023 ho isa 2024, ho tloha ho $ 275/kWh ho ea ho $ 165/kWh ka karolelano. Thekiso ena e hloka ho leka-lekanya poloko ea hang-hang khahlanong le ntlafatso ea theknoloji le phokotso ea litšenyehelo.
The federal Investment Tax Credit (ITC) e fana ka litheolelo tsa 30% ka 2032, e theohela ho 26% ka 2033. A $ 12,000 letlooa la betri $ 3,600 morao, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tse sebetsang ho $ 8,400. Mananeo a naha a eketsa boleng: Lenaneo la California's Self{10}}Generation Incentive Programme le fana ka $200-$1,000 ka kWh ho latela sebaka le chelete e kenang, e ka bang $3,000-$15,000 bakeng sa 15 kWh system. Lenaneo la Massachusetts SMART le fana ka li-adder bakeng sa polokelo, ho eketsa chelete ea ho boloka $0.03-$0.06 ka kWh ka lilemo tse 10. Khothatso ea betri ea New York e fana ka $250-$350 kWh ka litheolelo tsa pele. Litšusumetso tse kopaneng tsa mmuso le tsa mmuso li ka fokotsa litšenyehelo tsohle tsa betri 40-60%, tsa ntlafatsa haholo linako tsa ho khutlisa.
-Mehlala ea 'Nete ea Poloko ea Lefatše ho Maemo a Fapaneng
Lichelete tsa 'nete li fapana haholo ho latela melaoana ea ts'ebeliso le litšobotsi tsa lelapa.
California NEM 3.0 lelapa:Lelapa la San Diego le nang le 10 kW solar system le hlahisa 45 kWh letsatsi le leng le le leng, le sebelisa 35 kWh le 18 kWh nakong ea lihora tse phahameng (4-9 PM). Ntle le betri: 10 kWh e ka rekisoang har'a motšeare ka $0.05/kWh e fumana $0.50 letsatsi le letsatsi, tšebeliso ea mantsiboea e hula 18 kWh ho tloha grid ho $0.40/kWh e bitsa $7.20, litšenyehelo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi $6.70. Ka betri ea 13.5 kWh: mabenkele a 10 kWh mots'ehare oa solar hammoho le litefiso tsa 3.5 kWh ho tloha ho solar ea pele ho koahela tlhokeho ea tlhoro ea 13.5 kWh, ho fokotsa theko ea marang-rang ho 4.5 kWh e bitsang $1.80. Ho boloka letsatsi le letsatsi: $4.90 kapa $147 ka khoeli. Ho boloka selemo le selemo $1,764 ho tloswa $12 ditefiso tsa kgwedi le kgwedi tsa ho beha leihlo $1,620 selemo le selemo. Ka litšenyehelo tsa tsamaiso ea $ 10,500 ka mor'a 30% ITC le $ 2,700 SGIP puseletso, ho lefa ho etsahala ka lilemo tse 6.5.
Nako ea Texas{{0}ea{1}}e sebelisoang lapeng:Dallas hae ka Nako ea TXU Energy{{0}ea-Sebaka sa ho Sebelisa se lefa $0.13/kWh-sehlohlolong (9 PM-6 PM) le tlhōrō ea $0.33/kWh (6-9 PM). Solar system e hlahisa 35 kWh letsatsi le letsatsi, lelapa le sebelisa 28 kWh le 10 kWh nakong ea tlhoro. Betri e boloka 10 kWh ea solar ho koahela ts'ebeliso e phahameng, ho qoba litefiso tsa grid ea letsatsi le letsatsi tsa $3.30. Tšebeliso ea grid e se nang tlhoro e bitsa $ 1.30 letsatsi le letsatsi ho fapana le hoo. Ho boloka: $2.00 letsatsi le letsatsi kapa $60 khoeli le khoeli ($720 selemo le selemo). Sisteme e bitsa $ 11,000 ka mor'a ITC, ha ho na likhothaletso tsa mmuso tse fumanehang, tse hlahisang 15-year-back-marginal e fanoeng 10-12 selemo litiisetso tsa betri.
Batho ba lulang New Jersey ba - ba rekileng:Lelapa le nang le matla a letsatsi a 8 kW le hlahisa 30 kWh letsatsi le letsatsi, le sebelisa 27 kWh, le romela kantle ho naha 3 kWh. Sekhahla sa bolulo se bataletseng sa $0.16/kWh ka selemo{{6}ho pota. Ntle le betri: thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha e fumana mokoloto oa letsatsi le letsatsi oa $ 0.48. Ka $13,000 betri (ka mor'a ITC): matla a bolokiloeng a tlosa theko ea marang-rang e lekanang le $0.16/kWh. Sephetho: Chelete e eketsehileng ea chelete e bolokiloeng. Betri e fana ka boleng ba matla a bekapo feela, e etsa hore ho lokafatsa lichelete ho be thata ntle le haeba ho tima khafetsa kapa mong'a ntlo a ananela boikemelo ba matla ho feta moruo.
Arizona hybrid scenario:Lelapa la Phoenix ka nako ea APS Solar Partner{{0}ea-ea morero oa ho sebelisa $0.10/kWh ka theko e phahameng haholo{3}}(10 AM-3 PM), $0.17/kWh theoha-tlhoro, $0.28/kWh ka{15}}tlhōrō (3-8 PM). Solar e hlahisa 42 kWh letsatsi le leng le le leng, lapeng le sebelisa 38 kWh le 16 kWh nakong ea tlhōrō. Betri e nka 14 kWh motšeare oa letsatsi bakeng sa tšebeliso ea mantsiboea, e fokotsa tlhōrō ea lisebelisoa tse tsoang ho 16 kWh ho isa ho 2 kWh. Ho boloka: 14 kWh × $0.18 e phatlalalitsoe=$2.52 letsatsi le letsatsi kapa $76 ka khoeli. Ka litšenyehelo tsa sistimi ea $ 9,800 kamora ITC mme ha ho na likhothaletso tsa mmuso, tefo ea tefo e fihla ho lilemo tse 11. Poloko e itekanetseng e lokafatsa libeteri bakeng sa beng ba matlo ho etelletsa pele matla a bekapo hammoho le phokotso e itekanetseng ea likoloto.
Maano a tsoetseng pele a ho Holisa Poloko ea Battery
Taolo e tsoetseng pele ea betri e eketsa chelete ea polokelo ho feta tefiso ea mantlha-nakong ea ho tsoa.
Ho nka karolo ha setsi sa motlakase sa Virtual (VPP).e hlahisa chelete ho tsoa ho libeteri nakong ea liketsahalo tsa khatello ea grid. Tesla's VPP ya California e lefa bankakarolo $2 kWh e nngwe le e nngwe e ntshitsweng nakong ya diketsahalo tsa tshohanyetso, hangata diketsahalo tse 5-15 selemo le selemo. Betri ea 13.5 kWh e nchafalitsoeng ka botlalo makhetlo a 10 ka selemo e fumana $270. Texas VPPs e lefa $100-$400 selemo le selemo bakeng sa ho dumella basebedisi ba grid ho ntsha dibeteri nakong ya tlhokeho e phahameng. Lenaneo la Vermont's Bring Your Own Device le fana ka litefo tsa selemo le selemo tsa $850. Litefiso tsena li bokellana ka holim'a nako ea tšebeliso ea nako, ho ntlafatsa moruo ka 10-20%.
Phetoho ea leano la sekhahla sa nakoe ntlafatsa ho boloka chelete limmarakeng tse fanang ka likhetho tse ngata. Lisebelisoa tsa Arizona li lumella bareki ho fetola merero ka kotara. Likhoeli tsa mariha tse nang le moea o fokolang oa moea li rua molemo ho tsoa ho -meralo ea maemo a holimo ho qoba nako-ea-litefiso tsa khoeli le khoeli, ha likhoeli tsa lehlabula li fana ka nako ea-ea{6}}meralo ea tšebeliso moo libeteri li fanang ka boleng bo phahameng. Lipolokelo tsa selemo li eketsa $200-$400 ha ho bapisoa le selemo{11}}nako ea ho pota{12}}ea{13}}ho ingolisa ntle le libeteri tse sebelisoang ka nepo likhoeling tsa letsatsi le tlaase.
Ntlafatso ea ho tjhaja gride sebetsa libakeng tseo ho tsona litefiso tsa bosiu li theohang ka tlase ho litšenyehelo tsa ho fehla letsatsi ka kWh (hangata $0.04-$0.05/kWh litšenyehelo tsa sebele tsa tlhahiso). Haeba litefiso tsa bosiu bo le bong li fihla ho $ 0.03/kWh ha litefiso tsa tlhoro li fihla ho $ 0.40/kWh, polokelo ea betri ea matla a letsatsi e ka lefisoa ho tloha grid ka bosiu bo le bong, ka katleho e reka matla a bolokiloeng ho $ 0.03 bakeng sa tšebeliso nakong ea $ 0.40 litlhōrō-netting $0.37/kWh boleng. Leano lena le sebetsa feela tlas'a maemo a fapaneng a sekhahla 'me le hloka ho shejoa ka hloko kaha ho palama libaesekele khafetsa ho potlakisa ho senyeha ha betri.
Mananeo a ho arabela tlhokahalolefa bakeng sa phokotso ea mojaro nakong ea ts'ebetso-e phatlalalitsoeng. Tsena li fapane le VPP ka ho shebana le phokotso ea tšebeliso ho fapana le ho tsoa ha betri ka kotloloho. Libetri li etsa hore motho a tšoanelehe bakeng sa mananeo ana ka ho netefatsa boiketlo ba lelapa ho sa tsotellehe ho tima{3}}lisebelisoa tse matla haholo nakong ea liketsahalo. Mananeo a tloaetse ho lefa $75-$200 ketsahalong ka 'ngoe bakeng sa phokotso ea mojaro oa 2-3 kW, ka liketsahalo tse 8-12 selemo le selemo tse etsang kakaretso ea chelete ea $600-$2,400. Lenaneo la Ontario la peak perks le ile la fana ka $150 ka selemo ho barupeluoa ka 2024, ha Massachusetts' ConnectedSolutions e lefa $225 ka kW ea matla ka selemo.
Litšenyehelo tsa Tokiso le Litlhokomelo- tsa Nako e Telele
Thepa ea betri e kenyelletsa litšenyehelo tse tsoelang pele tse amang lipalo tsa polokelo.
Libetri tsa kajeno tsa lithium-ion li hloka ho hlokomeloa ka kotara ho feta ho ntlafatsoa ka kotara le tlhahlobo ea selemo le selemo ea litsebi tse jang $100-$150. Tiisetso e fana ka tšireletso hangata e nka lilemo tse 10 kapa 4,000-6,000 cycles (70-80% capacity retention), ho bolelang hore letsatsi le letsatsi ho palama libaesekele ho fihlela meeli ea tiisetso ka lilemo tse 11-16. Litšenyehelo tsa ho khutlisa lilemo tse 10-15 ka mor'a ho kenya li ka 'na tsa e-ba tlase ka 30-50% ho feta litheko tsa kajeno ha litšenyehelo tsa khale li theoha, tse hakanyetsoang ho $4,000-$8,000 bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa 13.5 kWh.
Ho senyeha ha betri ho fokotsa ho boloka nako. Sistimi e fanang ka poloko ea khoeli le khoeli ea $120 qalong e theohela ho $100 ka selemo sa borobeli (ho nka 85% ea ho boloka matla) le $85 ka selemo sa leshome le metso e 'meli (75%). Ho feta lilemo tse 15-ka thepa, kakaretso ea chelete ea khoeli le khoeli e ka ba 15-20% ka tlase ho ts'ebetso ea selemo se le seng. Meetso e felletseng ea lichelete e lokela ho fokotseha ka 1.5-2% selemo le selemo likhakanyong tsa polokelo.
Litsenyehelo tsa monyetla oa capital li ama phaello ea 'nete ho matsete. Matsete a $10,000 a betri ka mor'a likhothatso a ka fumana 4-5% selemo le selemo matseteng a kotsi e tlase, a hlahisa $400-$500 chelete e kenang ea selemo le selemo. Libetri li tlameha ho tlisa ${8}} chelete e bolokoang ea selemo le selemo ho tsamaisana le tlaleho ena ea mantlha. Maemo a mangata a bonts'a libeteri tse khutlisetsang $720-$900 feela ka selemo, matsete a sa sebetseng hantle empa a sa sebetse hantle ka nalane ea 8-10%.
Theko ea thepa e eketsa litšenyehelo tse fokolang. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory e fumane matlo a nang le solar-hammoho-ho rekisoa ha polokelo ka 3-4% ea li-premium ha ho bapisoa le solar-feela mahae a limmarakeng tsa California, e fetolelang ho $15,000-$20,000 bakeng sa matlo a mahareng a litheko. Leha ho le joalo, tefiso ena e kanna ea bonts'a khetho ea moreki bakeng sa matla a bekapo ho fapana le lipalo tsa polokelo ea likoloto, 'me e fapana haholo ho ea ka maemo a mmaraka oa libaka le litša.
Lipotso Tse Botsoang Hangata
Na libeteri tsa letsatsi li fokotsa likoloto libakeng tsohle?
Che. Phokotso ea bili e itšetlehile ka ho feletseng holim'a mekhoa ea sekhahla sa lisebelisoa. Linaha tse nang le-limithara tse felletseng tsa mabenkele joalo ka New Jersey le likarolo tsa Florida li bona chelete e fokolang ea polokelo ea betri ea matla a letsatsi kaha solar e romelloang kantle e fumana boleng bo felletseng ba thekiso. Linaha tse nang le nako{{4}ea{5}}lireite tsa tšebeliso kapa matšeliso a fokolitsoeng ka thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling joaloka California, Arizona, le Massachusetts li boloka chelete e ngata. Lekola kemiso ea sekhahla sa ts'ebeliso ea hau le maano a marang-rang a metering ho fumana bokhoni ba polokelo ea lehae.
Nka boloka bokae ha e le hantle ka khoeli ka betri?
Ho boloka khoeli le khoeli ho tloha ho $0 ho isa ho $180 ho latela boemo ba hau. Matlo a nang le nako-ea{4}}lireite tsa tšebeliso tse ka bang 15 kWh tse fetotsoeng letsatsi ka leng hangata li boloka $60-$100 ka khoeli. Malapa a California NEM 3.0 a ka fihlela $120-$180 ka khoeli. Libaka tse theko e tlase kapa metering e rekisoang ka botlalo e ka boloka $0- $20 khoeli le khoeli ho tsoa libetering feela. Karolelano ea beng ba matlo naheng ka bophara ba nang le meaho e metle ea litefiso ba boloka $700-$1,100 selemo le selemo ho latela data ea EnergySage's 2024.
Na ke lokela ho reka libeteri ka liphanele tsa ka tsa letsatsi kapa ke eme?
Kenya hammoho haeba u hloka matla a bekapo hang-hang kapa u tobane le litšusumetso tse ntle tse felloang ke nako haufinyane. Ema haeba sesebelisoa sa hau se na le -retail metering e felletseng, litheko tsa libeteri li tsoela pele ho theoha sebakeng sa heno, kapa u ka khahleha ka ho hlahisoa ha theknoloji e ncha haufinyane. Ho kenya hammoho ho boloka $2,000-$4,000 ka litšenyehelo tse kopaneng tsa ho kenya empa ho leta lilemo tse 1-2 ho ka fokotsa litheko tsa betri $2,000-$3,000 kaha litšenyehelo li theohile ka 40% ho tloha 2023 ho isa 2024.
Na libeteri li tla itefela pele li hloka tse ling?
E itšetlehile ka boholo ba polokelo le litšenyehelo tsa tsamaiso. Malapa a boloka $100+ khoeli le khoeli ho lefa moputso ka lilemo tse 7-10 ka likhothaletso, ka boiketlo nakong ea litiisetso tsa lilemo tse 10-15. Ba bolokang $30- $50 khoeli le khoeli ba tobana le litefello tsa selemo sa 15-20, ba beha litšenyehelo tsa phetisetso kotsing pele ba fumana meputso e ntle. Bala litefello tsa hau ka ho sebelisa likhakanyo tsa 'nete tsa polokelo le litšenyehelo tsa sistimi ea lehae ho kenyeletsoa le likhothaletso tsohle tse teng.
Ho Etsa Qeto: Na Polokelo ea Betri e Loketse Likoloto tsa Hao?
Polokelo ea betri ea matla a letsatsi e fokotsa likoloto haholo maemong a ikhethileng empa e fana ka chelete e fokolang ho ba bang. Katleho e hloka tlhahlobo e tšepahalang ho e-na le litšepiso tsa papatso.
Nahana ka libeteri haholo-holo bakeng sa phokotso ea litefo haeba u na le nako-ea{1}}lireiti tsa tšebeliso ka $0.20+ liphapano tsa maemo a holimo, matšeliso a fokotsehileng a metering a ka tlase ho $0.10/kWh, kapa tlhoro e kholo-ea tšebeliso ea lihora tse fetang 10 kWh letsatsi le letsatsi. Maemo ana a fana ka chelete ea khoeli le khoeli ea $ 80- $ 150, e tšehetsang litefello tsa selemo sa 7-10 ha li kopanya litšusumetso tsa mmuso le tsa naha. Kenya boleng ba betri haeba sebaka sa heno se na le ho tima khafetsa kapa u etelletsa pele boikemelo ba motlakase hammoho le meputso ea lichelete.
Qoba libeteri bakeng sa phokotso ea litefo feela haeba u na le-rekete ea ho reka ka botlalo, litefiso tsa motlakase o sa thekeseleng, tšebeliso e tlase ea kakaretso e ka tlase ho 600 kWh ka khoeli, kapa peak/off{2}}peak spreads under $0.10/kWh. Maemong ana, libeteri li eketsa nako ea ho lefa ho feta ts'ireletso ea tiisetso ha li ntse li fana ka chelete e fokolang. Haeba matla a bekapo a bohlokoa, amohela hore o reka ts'epahalo ho fapana le ho ntlafatsa moruo, e leng qeto e ntseng e le molaong e ipapisitseng le lintho tse tlang pele bophelong ba motho.
Kopa likhakanyo tse qaqileng tsa ho boloka chelete ho tsoa ho li-installer tse ngata u sebelisa litefiso tsa hau tsa ts'ebeliso le mekhoa ea ts'ebeliso. Litlhahiso tsa boleng li kenyelletsa likhakanyo tsa poloko ea khoeli{-ka khoeli ho ipapisitsoe le linako tse ikhethileng tsa sekhahla sa ts'ebeliso ea hau, likhakanyo tsa ho theoloa, le lipehelo tsa sebele tsa lichelete. Qoba batho ba kenyang lintho ba sa khoneng ho fana ka thuso-lipalo tse khethehileng kapa liperesente tse tšepisang tsa polokelo ho sa tsotelehe sebaka-litšoantšo tsena tse khubelu li fana ka maikutlo a ho se utloisise hantle maemo a etsang qeto ea hore na betri e sebetsa joang.