Polokelo ea matla a motlakasehaholo-holo e kenyelletsa polokelo ea matla a supercapacitor le polokelo ea matla a superconducting. Ea pele e boloka matla a motlakase sebakeng sa motlakase, ha ea morao-rao e boloka matla a motlakase sebakeng sa makenete. Polokelo ea matla a motlakase e na le melemo e mengata ho matla a motlakase le bophelo ba libaesekele, e ka fokotsa tšusumetso ea ho tima ha motlakase hang-hang, ea hatella -ho sisinyeha ha motlakase ho grid, le ho ntlafatsa litšobotsi tsa motlakase le maqhubu.
Supercapacitor polokelo ea matla
Li-Supercapacitor, tse tsejoang hape e le electrochemical capacitor, ke lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea matla tse bolokang matla ka ho bokellana ha tefiso holim'a elektrode. Mokhoa oa bona oa ho boloka matla o fapane le libeteri tsa setso; li boloka matla ka tefiso e entsoeng ke double layer ho electrode{1}}electrolyte interface. Li-Supercapacitor li na le matla a phahameng haholo, -bophelo bo bolelele ba nako e telele, le bokhoni ba ho ntša motlakase ka potlako-, kahoo li fumana ts'ebeliso e atileng likoloing tsa motlakase, litsamaiso tse nchafatsang tsa braking, lisebelisoa tsa ho boloka motlakase, le taolo ea maqhubu a grid. Leha ho le joalo, matla a matla a li-supercapacitor a batla a le tlase, a tlase haholo ho feta a libeteri tsa lithium-ion, e leng se etsang hore li tšoanelehe bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse hlokang nako e khutšoanyane-,{8}}ea matla a phahameng. Nakong e tlang, ka tsoelo-pele ea mahlale a thepa, matla a matla a li-supercapacitor a lebelletsoe ho eketseha le ho feta, ka hona a holisa lits'ebetso tsa ona 'marakeng oa polokelo ea matla.
Li-Supercapacitor li ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e meraro: li-electric double-layer capacitor, Faraday capacitor, le hybrid supercapacitor. Li-capacitor tsa motlakase tse habeli-li sebelisa carbon e le li-electrode, moo karohano ea tefiso e hlahang sebakeng se tiileng-mokelikeli o entsoeng ke ho kopana le electrolyte, ho etsa moalo o habeli{4}} oa motlakase. Li-capacitor tsena li kena lits'ebetsong tsa 'mele tsa adsorption le desorption nakong ea ho tjhaja le ho ntša. Le hoja li-capacitor tsa motlakase tse habeli{7}}li na le matla a mangata a matla le nako e telele ea bophelo, matla a tsona a tlase haholo. Hajoale, lisebelisoa tsena li fihletse ts'ebeliso ea khoebo.
Li-capacitor tsa Faraday li sebelisa li-oxide tsa tšepe kapa li-polymers tse tsamaisang e le lisebelisoa tsa elektrode, moo matla a adsorption a thehoang ka karabelo ea redox holim'a metsi le libaka tse ngata tse sa tebang tsa lisebelisoa tsena. Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea mofuta ona oa capacitor o tšoana le mokhoa oa ho itšoara ka betri; ka lebaka la libaka tse tšoanang tsa li-electrode, e ka fana ka matla a makhetlo a 'maloa a matla a habeli-layer capacitor. Leha ho le joalo, ho ea ka litšobotsi tsa matla bakeng sa nako e telele-ea ho tsoa le bophelo ba potoloho, li-capacitor tsa Faraday ha li sebetse hantle le{4}}li-layer capacitor tsa motlakase. Ho feta moo, li-capacitor tsa Faraday le tsona li tobane le mathata a kang litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa tlhahiso le theknoloji ha e e-s'o hōle ka ho feletseng.
Li-supercapacitor tsa Hybrid li tumme ka matla a tsona a phahameng a matla le nako e telele ea bophelo. Le hoja hajoale ba le maemong a pele a khoebo, ba na le menyetla e mengata ea nts'etsopele ea bokamoso.
Superconducting polokelo ea matla
Superconducting energy storage ke tekhenoloji ea polokelo ea motlakase ea motlakase e sebelisang li-superconductors ho boloka matla a motlakase sebakeng sa ho thibela{0}mahala. Molao-motheo oa eona oa ts'ebetso o kenyelletsa ho hlahisa matla a matla a khoheli ka ho toba ho coil ea superconducting, ka hona ho boloka matla, le ho a lokolla ka ho tsoa ha hona joale ha ho hlokahala. Hobane li-superconductors ha li na khanyetso ka mocheso o tlase, litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla a superconducting li ka fihlela litefiso tse phahameng haholo le ho fana ka katleho ntle le tahlehelo ea matla. Ntle le moo, polokelo ea matla a superconducting e na le linako tsa karabelo tse potlakileng haholo, e fihlela tefo le ho tsoa ka li-milliseconds, e etsa hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa taolo ea motlakase hanghang le taolo ea maqhubu lits'ebetsong tsa matla. Leha ho le joalo, litšenyehelo tsa litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla a superconducting li phahame, haholo-holo li lekanyelitsoe ke nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tsa superconducting le theknoloji ea pholiso ea cryogenic. Ka hona, lits'ebetso tsa hajoale li tsepame haholo libakeng tse ikhethileng tse hlokang matla a phahameng{{6},{7}}nako e khuts'oane ea polokelo ea matla, joalo ka grid botsitso le lisebelisoa tsa sesole.
Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa superconducting li kenyelletsa-li-superconductors tse tlase tse kang Nb-Ti le Nb3Sn, le{3}}li-superconductors tse phahameng tsa mocheso tse kang Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBCO) le Bismuth Strontium Calcium Copper Oxide (BCCO). -li-superconductors tsa mocheso o phahameng li na le lithempereichara tse holimo tse mahlonoko ho feta tse tlase{6}}li-superconductors tse tlase, tse fokotsang litlhokahalo tsa ho pholisa le ho etsa hore litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla tsa superconducting li sebetse hantle le ho baballa.